Abstract: A full length cDNA encoding heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was cloned from liver RNA in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenserbaerii),and was found to contain 2 343 bp, including 5′untranslated region of 140 bp, 3′untranslated region of 256 bp and an open reading frame of 1 947 bp. The deduced 648 amino acids sequence with estimated molecular of 71 000 and theoretical isoelectric point of 5.21 had high similarity with other vertebrate HSP70 genes in NCBI. Sequence analysis indicated that the HSP70 cDNA was consisted of three signature sequences IDLGTTYS, IFDLGGGTFDVSIL and IVLVGGSTRIPKIQK belonging to HSP70 family. Phylogenetic tree revealed thatAlligatormississippiensis,Xenopuslaevis,Ambystomamexicanumand Sebrian Sturgeon showed a close genetic relationship. Using fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR,the HSP70 was expressed in the liver, gill, spleen, heart, intestine, muscle, gonad and brain of Siberian sturgeon, with the peak in the spleen and the minimum in the liver (P<0.05), indicating that the HSP70 cDNA could be used in understanding of anti-stress mechanism in Siberian sturgeon and in genetic breeding improvement.