Effect of chicken manure and cow dung on phytoplankton community in tilapia Oreochromis nicoticus culture water
MENG Shun-long1,2, LI Dan-dan1, QIU Li-ping1, HU Geng-dong1, FAN Li-min1, SONG Chao1, WU Wei1,2, ZHENG Yao1, CHEN Jia-zhang1,2, BING Xu-wen1,2
1.Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Changjiang River, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Open Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; 2.Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
Abstract: The 1.2 t round plastic tanks (1.3 m in diameter, and 1.0 m in height ) were supplied with dechlorinated tap water aerated for 20 days and 1000 mL pond water containing plankton collected from the water supply around aquaculture ponds by phytoplankton net. Fifty tilapia GIFT Oreochromisniloticus with body weight of (2.49±0.58)g were stocked into the tanks at stocking rate of 50 fish, and fed commercial diet at 5% of the tilapia biomass daily for 60 days. The tanks were applied fermented chicken manure (chicken group M), cattle manure (cattle M group) and chicken-cattle mixture (chicken-cattle M, chicken manure∶cattle manure = 1∶1), once every 10 days during the first 20 days, and then once every 20 days during the later 40 days and the tanks were not applied any chicken manure and cattle manure as control group, to study the effects of organic fertilizer on community structure of phytoplankton in tilapia culture water. The results showed that the biomass of total phytoplankton was changed from 1525×104 to 6990×104 cells/L in control group, 1472×104 to 4299×104 cells/L in chicken M group, 1355×104 to 8795×104 cells/L in cattle M group, and 575×104 to 9104×104 cells/L in chicken-cattle M group, increase in the total biomass of phytoplankton in all test groups during the experiment. The biomass of cyanophyta was found to be from 1300×104 to 4095×104 cells/L in control group, 702×104 to 3278×104 cells/L in chicken M group, 700×104 to 4080×104 cells/L in cattle M group, and 328×104 to 3278×104 cells/L in chicken-cattle M group, higher biomass of cyanophyta in control than in the fertilizer groups. The order of proportion of cyanophyta in the total phytoplankton was followed by control group>cattle M group>chicken-cattle M group>chicken M group, while the order of proportion of chlorophyta in the total phytoplankton was described as chicken M>group chicken-cattle M group>cattle M group>control group. The order of biodiversity index and uniformity index were expressed as chicken M group>chicken-cattle M group>cattle M group >control group. The findings indicate that application of chicken manure and cattle manure in tilapia culture water leads to inhibit cyanophyta growth, facilitate chlorophyta and improve phytoplankton community structure, especially, chicken manure.
2017, Vol. 32 
