Abstract: A variety of economically important unique indigenous fishes are found in Liaoning Province located in a transition zone of warm-water species and cold-water species due to special geographical environment and fish fauna that make a significant contribution to development of fishery economy in China.In this paper, we summarized the characteristics of indigenous fishery resources, exploitation history and culture situation of major economically important fishes in Liaoning Province.Then, the biological characteristics of native species that are candidates in development in Liaoning Province are evaluated and discussed, and some advices on exploitation and utilization of freshwater native fish in Liaoning Province are suggested.