Artificial reproduction and embryonic development of hybrid sturgeon (Huso dauricus♀×Acipenser schrenckii♂) and Amur sturgeon A.schrenckii
XIAO Xinxin, LUO Xiaonian*, FU Xianfei, JIANG Xu, DUAN Youjian, LI Jiao, LIU Yinglin
1.College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China； 2.Dalian Qishui Fisheries Development Limited Company, Dalian 116211, China
Abstract: In order to explored the reproductive biology of hybrid sturgeon (Husodauricus♀×Acipenserschrenckii♂), 5 batches (10 pairs) of hybrid sturgeon and 1 batch (2 pairs) Amur sturgeon (A.schrenckii) were induced to spawn by hormone injection, caesarean section, and artificial insemination methods from March to May in 2021. The results showed that 3.79 million fertilized eggs of the hybrid sturgeon were obtained, with average fertilization rate of 82.9%, the average hatching rate of 70.44%, and 2.176 million larvae. In the Amur sturgeon, 0.87 million fertilized eggs were obtained, with the average fertilization rate of 82.2%, the average hatching rate of 63.20%, and 0.542 million larvae. At water temperature of 16 to 17 ℃, the 123 to 155 h were took from fertilization to hatching, with total accumulative temperature of 2 102 to 2 445 ℃·h in the hybrid sturgeon, and 116 to 138 h were took from fertilization to hatching, with total accumulative temperature of 1 856 to 2 108 ℃·h in the Amur sturgeon. The demersal adhesive fertillized eggs of hybrid sturgeon and Amur sturgeon had similar embryo development sequence, with radiation cleavage. The embryonic development of hybrid sturgeon was morphologically divided into 9 continuous stages including 32 substages, and the embryonic development of Amur sturgeon was divided into 9 continuous stages and 28 substages. The typical differences included as the following: “C”-shaped heart in heart beating stage in hybrid sturgeon, but with “S”-shaped heart in the Amur sturgeon. Besides, the end of the embryotail was close to the heart of the hybrid sturgeon when the heart begins to beat regularly, while the Amur sturgeon was not yet. When hatching, the tail tip of the hybrid sturgeon larvae was over the head, while the sturgeon just reached or slightly over the head. In this experiment, hybrid sturgeon had higher reproductive efficiency (the maximal fertilization rate of 97.8%, and the maximal hatching rate of 89.8%). Embryonic development of hybrid sturgeon was more similar to that of Husodauricus, the hybrid sturgeon showing the characteristics of maternal inheritance.
2022, Vol. 37 
