海水鱼类淀粉卵涡鞭虫病及其防控研究进展

doi:10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2021-190

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大连海洋大学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4) : 696-706. DOI: 10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2021-190

海水鱼类淀粉卵涡鞭虫病及其防控研究进展

海水鱼类淀粉卵涡鞭虫病及其防控研究进展

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Progress on research and control of amyloodiniosis in marine fish: a review

LI Zhicheng, ZHONG Zhihong, LI Shiyu, GUO Yixuan, GUO Qingkai, JIANG Biao*, LI Anxing*

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摘要

淀粉卵涡鞭虫病俗称“海水鱼天鹅绒病”，是由一种原生鞭毛虫——眼点淀粉卵涡鞭虫Amyloodinium ocellatum 寄生于海水鱼类体表而引起的寄生虫病，该病发病速度快、死亡率高，可造成巨大的经济损失，严重阻碍了中国海水鱼类工厂化养殖和池塘养殖业的健康发展。本文综述了眼点淀粉卵涡鞭虫生活史、流行危害、诊断方法和防控措施等方面的研究进展，并针对海水鱼类淀粉卵涡鞭虫病研究中存在的问题，提出应加强对养殖环境的病原检测、虫株低温保存策略、筛选绿色高效的杀虫药物和疫苗研发等未来研究及防控发展建议，以期为海水鱼类淀粉卵涡鞭虫病的科学防治提供有益参考。

Abstract

Amyloodiniosis, commonly referred to as “marine velvet”, velvet disease, is a parasitological disease caused by one of the most common and important parasitic dinoflagellates Amyloodinium ocellatum. The A.ocellatum infects a wide range of fish species in different habitats including tropical and subtropical geographical locations, and has a direct life cycle that comprises three stages: trophont, tomont, and dinospores, which can be completed in less than a week dependent on favorable environmental factors. The disease is characterized by rapid onset and high mortality, which seriously hinders the healthy development of China’s marine fish industrial farming and semi-intensive pond farming, leading to huge economic losses. The typical symptoms of amyloodiniosis are changes in fish behavior, decreased appetite, faster breathing, and swimming at the water surface or gathering at the areas with higher dissolved oxygen concentrations. Fish mortalities are usually attributed to hypoxia, inflammation, severe gill hyperplasia, hemorrhage, and necrosis in heavy infestations. This review summarizes the current situation and the latest researches progress on the life cycle of A.ocellatum, the prevalence, detection methods, and preventive and control measures of amyloodiniosis. It is proposed to strengthen the future research of pathogenic detection of the farming environment, low-temperature preservation, vaccine development, aiming to provide references for the scientific prevention and treatment of marine fish amyloodiniosis in fisheries production.

导出引用

李志成, 钟志鸿, 李诗钰, 郭奕轩, 郭庆凯, 江飚, 李安兴. 海水鱼类淀粉卵涡鞭虫病及其防控研究进展[J]. 大连海洋大学学报, 2022, 37(4): 696-706 https://doi.org/10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2021-190

LI Zhicheng, ZHONG Zhihong, LI Shiyu, GUO Yixuan, GUO Qingkai, JIANG Biao, LI Anxing. Progress on research and control of amyloodiniosis in marine fish: a review[J]. Journal of Dalian Fisheries University, 2022, 37(4): 696-706 https://doi.org/10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2021-190

中图分类号： S 941.51