生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂对寄生水霉的体外抑制作用

doi:10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2021-048

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大连海洋大学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1) : 95-103. DOI: 10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2021-048

生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂对寄生水霉的体外抑制作用

刘韵怡,戚建华,王年,郁小娟,何轩灏,刘轩明,宋增福

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Inhibitory effect of biosurfactant rhamnolipid on Saprolegnia parasitica in vitro

LIU Yunyi,QI Jianhua,WANG Nian,YU Xiaojuan,HE Xuanhao,LIU Xuanming,SONG Zengfu

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摘要

为研究生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂(rhamnolipid)对寄生水霉 Saprolegnia parasitica 的体外抑制作用，开发水生动物水霉病的新型绿色防控制剂，采用倍比稀释法、菌丝生长速率法、菌丝干质量法和孢子萌发试验对鼠李糖脂抑制寄生水霉的活性进行检测，通过测定寄生水霉菌体电导率，研究鼠李糖脂对寄生水霉菌体细胞膜通透性的影响，并用光学显微镜、电子显微镜观察鼠李糖脂对寄生水霉菌丝体形态学的影响。结果表明：鼠李糖脂对寄生水霉菌丝和孢子的最小抑制浓度(MIC)分别为125、15.625 mg/L；当鼠李糖脂质量浓度为15.625 mg/L时，对菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制率分别为59.84%、85.70%，且鼠李糖脂对寄生水霉菌丝生长抑制率和孢子萌发抑制率均随鼠李糖脂质量浓度的增加而升高；电导率试验显示，鼠李糖脂使寄生水霉菌体细胞膜通透性增加，以15.625 mg/L鼠李糖脂处理寄生水霉孢子10 h后，电导率升高了39.57%，以125 mg/L鼠李糖脂处理寄生水霉菌丝体6 h后，电导率升高了68.10%；形态观察显示，鼠李糖脂对寄生水霉菌丝体具有一定的破坏作用。研究表明，鼠李糖脂对寄生水霉具有良好的抑制效果，本研究结果可为研制绿色新型水生动物水霉病防控制剂提供新的思路。

Abstract

The inhibitory effect of rhamnolipid against Saprolegnia parasitica in vitro were investigated for the development of ecological prevention and control agent of saprolegniasis of aquatic animals.The inhibitory activity of rhamnolipid on S.parasitica was detected by multiple dilution method,mycelial growth rate method,mycelial dry weight method and spore germination assay,and the effect of rhamnolipid on membrane permeability of S.parasitica was studied by measuring the conductivity of the S.parasitica.Finally,the morphological alteration of mycelium was observed in the S.parasitica exposed to rhamnolipid by a light microscope,and electron microscope.It was found that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)of rhamnolipid was 125 mg/L on mycelium and 15.625 mg/L on spore of the S.parasitica.The inhibition rate was shown to be 59.84% on mycelial growth and 85.70% on spore germination at 15.625 mg/L of rhamnolipid,with increase in the inhibition rates with the increase in the dosage.The conductivity test revealed that rhamnolipid led to increase the membrane permeability of the mycelia of the S.parasitica,conductivity being increased by 39.57% in the S.parasitica exposed to 15.625 mg/L of rhamnolipid for 10 h,and the conductivity being increased by 68.10% in the S.parasitica exposed to 125 mg/L of rhamnolipid for 6 h.The morphological observation showed that rhamnolipid had a certain destructive effect on the mycelium of the S.parasitica.Rhamnolipid had a good inhibitory effect on the S.parasitica,which provided a new idea for the development of new ecological protection,prevention and control agents for saprolegniasis of aquatic animals.

导出引用

刘韵怡, 戚建华, 王年, 郁小娟, 何轩灏, 刘轩明, 宋增福. 生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂对寄生水霉的体外抑制作用[J]. 大连海洋大学学报, 2022, 37(1): 95-103 https://doi.org/10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2021-048

LIU Yunyi, QI Jianhua, WANG Nian, YU Xiaojuan, HE Xuanhao, LIU Xuanming, SONG Zengfu. Inhibitory effect of biosurfactant rhamnolipid on Saprolegnia parasitica in vitro[J]. Journal of Dalian Fisheries University, 2022, 37(1): 95-103 https://doi.org/10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2021-048

中图分类号： S 917.1