Effects of dietary fish meal replaced by soybean meal and supplemented with different organic acids on growth, immunity and intestinal microflora of Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
ZHAO Xidie, ZHENG Hailing, LIU Mingming, TANG Yu, QIAO Xiuting, LIU Qun, HUANG Zonghai, CHENG Zhenyan
1.College of Fisheries, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China; 2.Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Tianjin, Tianjin 300402, China; 3.College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
Abstract: A feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of dietary organic acids on the growth and intestinal health of Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeusvannamei fed low fish meal diets. Pacific white leg shrimp with initial body mass of (7.54±0.40)g were randomly reared into 18 cages of each 100 cm ×100 cm ×150 cm at stocking rate of 40 individuals per cage and fed diets containing 24% fish meal (positive control group), 18% fish meal (negative control group) and 18% fish meal diets supplemented with sodium citrate, sodium butyrate, sodium propionate and fumaric acid, respectively, at a dose of 0.3% at water temperature of 24-30 ℃ for 42 days. Results showed that there were significant reduce in weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) and significant increase in food conversion ratio (FCR) in the negative control group compared with the positive control group(P<0.05). The SGR and WGR were shown to be significantly increased and FCR was found to be significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the Pacific white leg shrimp fed the diets containing 0.3% sodium butyrate and sodium citrate, without significant differences in the WGR and SGR in the Pacific white leg shrimp fed the diets containing 0.3% sodium propionate and fumaric acid (P>0.05). The shrimp in the negative control group had significantly lower immunity compared with the shrimp in the positive control group (P<0.05), and improved immunity when the shrimp fed the diets containing 0.3% sodium citrate and sodium butyrate, with increase in the activities of serum acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), lysozyme (LSZ) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, the activities of serum ACP and the MDA content being not significantly different from the shrimp in the positive control group (P>0.05). There were lower serum MDA content in the shrimp fed the diets containing 0.3% sodium propionate (P<0.05) compared with the shrimp in the negative group, increased the activities of serum LSZ (P<0.05) and decreased the activities of serum ACP, AKP, SOD (P<0.05) in the shrimp in 0.3% fumaric acid group. There was no significant difference in Alpha diversity of the shrimp intestinal flora in each group (P>0.05). The decrease in abundance of Actinomycota was observed in the negative control group, while the decrease in abundance of Actinomycota, as well as the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides, was improved in the shrimp fed the diets supplemented with 0.3% sodium citric (P<0.05). The abundance of Fusobacterium was also found to be increased in the shrimp fed the diets supplemented with 0.3% sodium butyrate (P<0.05). The findings indicate that the low fish meal diet supplemented with organic acids led to improve the growth and immune capacity of Pacific white leg shrimp, and regulated the balance of intestinal microorganism, among which 0.3% sodium citrate and 0.3% sodium butyrate had the best effects.
赵锡蝶, 郑海玲, 刘明明, 汤雨, 乔秀亭, 刘群, 黄宗海, 程镇燕. 豆粕替代鱼粉并添加有机酸对凡纳滨对虾生长、免疫和肠道菌群的影响[J]. 大连海洋大学学报, 2021, 36(6): 966-975.
ZHAO Xidie, ZHENG Hailing, LIU Mingming, TANG Yu, QIAO Xiuting, LIU Qun, HUANG Zonghai, CHENG Zhenyan. Effects of dietary fish meal replaced by soybean meal and supplemented with different organic acids on growth, immunity and intestinal microflora of Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Journal of Dalian Ocean University, 2021, 36(6): 966-975.
2021, Vol. 36 
