凡纳滨对虾气泡病的组织病理学观察

doi:10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2020-334

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大连海洋大学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6) : 952-958. DOI: 10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2020-334

凡纳滨对虾气泡病的组织病理学观察

戚瑞荣,唐绍林,张吉鹏,崔龙波,马家好

作者信息 +

Histopathological observation of gas bubble disease in Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

QI Ruirong, TANG Shaolin, ZHANG Jipeng, CUI Longbo, MA Jiahao

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摘要

为研究土塘养殖自然发病凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei(体长6.3 cm±1.5 cm)的气泡病，采用现场镜检、细菌分离培养、PCR检测及石蜡组织切片等方法，研究了患气泡病凡纳滨对虾在组织病理方面的变化。结果表明：患气泡病的凡纳滨对虾体色泛红，腹部肌肉体节间发白，镜检可在附肢、鳃、触角、头胸甲肌肉等部位观察到气柱、气泡；凡纳滨对虾组织病变特征中，其肌肉、眼、鳃、肝胰腺、触角、心等组织器官均可见气泡印迹，肌肉组织中气泡印迹集中于中、后段肌肉，背腹血管、鳃轴血管内亦可见气泡印迹；临床可见体内有气泡的凡纳滨对虾比未见气泡的虾气泡印迹严重；取样池塘水体溶解氧范围为4.15～15.06 mg/L，溶解氧饱和度为56%～293%，随着溶解氧浓度的升高，凡纳滨对虾鳃组织气泡有增多、变大的趋势；眼组织均可见空泡化，溶解氧较低时，常一侧眼组织病变稍重，随着溶解氧浓度的升高，空泡化渐趋严重，高溶解氧时两侧眼组织空泡化均较严重。研究表明，当凡纳滨对虾出现上述临床现象或病变特征时可确诊其发生了气泡病。

Abstract

In order to probe Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei with gas bubble disease naturally occurring and with body length of (6.3±1.5)cm in an earthen pond, histopathological changes were primarily investigated by field microscopy, bacterial isolation and culture, PCR detection and histological techniques. The results showed that the diseased shrimp had slightly red body in color, and white abdominal muscle segments. The air column and bubbles were observed in the appendages, gill, antennae, and the muscles of cephalothorax. The pathological features of the diseased tissues were characterized by bubbles in muscle, eyes, gills, hepatopancreas, antennal and heart tissues. The bubbles were concentrated in the middle and posterior segments of the muscle, also found in the dorsal ventral vessels and branchial axis vessels. There were more and bigger bubbles in the shrimp with obvious bubbles in clinical than the samples with invisible bubbles. The bubbles in the gill became more and bigger with dissolved oxygen concentrations increase in dissolved oxygen varying from 4.15 mg/L to 15.06 mg/L (saturation of 56%-293%); the eyes showed vacuolation, one side eye lesions were slightly heavier at low level of dissolved oxygen, whereas vacuolization became serious when dissolved oxygen value was increased. meanwhile serious vacuolization were observed in both sides of the eye at high level of dissolved oxygen. Findings indicated that the above phenomena or pathological characteristics were diagnosed as gas bubble disease of Pacific white leg shrimp.

导出引用

戚瑞荣, 唐绍林, 张吉鹏, 崔龙波, 马家好. 凡纳滨对虾气泡病的组织病理学观察[J]. 大连海洋大学学报, 2021, 36(6): 952-958 https://doi.org/10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2020-334

QI Ruirong, TANG Shaolin, ZHANG Jipeng, CUI Longbo, MA Jiahao. Histopathological observation of gas bubble disease in Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei[J]. Journal of Dalian Fisheries University, 2021, 36(6): 952-958 https://doi.org/10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2020-334

中图分类号： S 945.1