Acute and chronic toxicological effects of continuous intramuscular injection of enrofloxacin on Chinese pond turtle
ZHANG Yu－si1， PAN Lian－de1， HONG Bin2
1.Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources， Ministry of Education， Shanghai Ocean University， Shanghai 201306，China； 2.Dalian Entry－Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau， Dalian 116600， China
Abstract: Both acute and chronic toxic tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of continuous intramuscular injection of enrofloxacin on Chinese pond turtle Chinemys reevesiis.In the acute test， 60 individuals of 3－month－old Chinese pond turtle weighing around 20 g were randomly divided into 6 groups and injected with enrofloxacin at a dose of 649.9， 484.1， 360.5， 268.5， 200.0 mg/kg and 0(as control group).In the chronic test， 16 individuals of Chinese pond turtle with body weight of 100 g were randomly divided into 4 groups and injected with enrofloxacin at a dose of 0(as control group)， 10， 30， and 50 mg/kg for successive 30 days and for 30 days withdrawal.Blood samples of 0.4 mL were taken for blood biochemical tests 0， 2， 13， 28， 40， 50， and 60 days after administration.In two week acute test，the LD50was estimated to be 434.45 mg/kg by the method of Bliss.The histopathological examination of the dead turtle in the highest dose group showed that the hepatic cell cords were disordered，severe congestion， massive eosinophil infiltration and edema in gastrointestinal wall.In the chronic toxic test， 3 turtles were all found to be dead in the maximal dose group and 1 turtle dead in 30 mg/kg dose group.Blood biochemical analysis revealed that activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST)was first increased and then decrease，significantly higher in 10 mg/kg group than in the control group(p＜0.05).Total bilirubin(T－bil)levels were elevated rapidly at injection stopping time in the medium and high dose groups.The autopsy showed that the liver density was decreased and suspended in the formalin in the middle and high dose groups，and that the yellow viscous liquid was found in the gastrointestinal tract in the high－dose group.The toxicological analysis in tissues demonstrated that continuous injection of high－dose enrofloxacin led to severe hepatic lesions in the liver of Chinese pond turtle， including vacuolar degeneration， and unidentified hepatic lobules and hepatocellular cords.The disorders of lung， thin wall and edema of the gastrointestinal tract were observed， without severe disorder in the renal tissue.Relatively severe edema and inflammation came out around the muscle injected.In conclusion，there is an obvious hepatotoxic effect of enrofloxacin， to some extend， toxicity in lung， and gastrointestinal tissue in area of injection，and no toxicity in the kidneys of Chinese pond turtle.
章宇思, 潘连德, 洪滨. 连续肌注恩诺沙星对中华草龟的急性和慢性毒理研究[J]. 大连海洋大学学报, 2017, 32(6): 643-650.
ZHANG Yu－si, PAN Lian－de, HONG Bin. Acute and chronic toxicological effects of continuous intramuscular injection of enrofloxacin on Chinese pond turtle. Journal of Dalian Ocean University, 2017, 32(6): 643-650.
2017, Vol. 32 
