Journal of Dalian Ocean University  2022, Vol. 37 Issue (4): 696-706 DOI: 10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2021-190 |
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| Progress on research and control of amyloodiniosis in marine fish: a review |
| LI Zhicheng, ZHONG Zhihong, LI Shiyu, GUO Yixuan, GUO Qingkai, JIANG Biao*, LI Anxing*
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| 1. Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; 2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China |
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Abstract Amyloodiniosis, commonly referred to as “marine velvet”, velvet disease, is a parasitological disease caused by one of the most common and important parasitic dinoflagellates Amyloodinium ocellatum. The A.ocellatum infects a wide range of fish species in different habitats including tropical and subtropical geographical locations, and has a direct life cycle that comprises three stages: trophont, tomont, and dinospores, which can be completed in less than a week dependent on favorable environmental factors. The disease is characterized by rapid onset and high mortality, which seriously hinders the healthy development of China’s marine fish industrial farming and semi-intensive pond farming, leading to huge economic losses. The typical symptoms of amyloodiniosis are changes in fish behavior, decreased appetite, faster breathing, and swimming at the water surface or gathering at the areas with higher dissolved oxygen concentrations. Fish mortalities are usually attributed to hypoxia, inflammation, severe gill hyperplasia, hemorrhage, and necrosis in heavy infestations. This review summarizes the current situation and the latest researches progress on the life cycle of A.ocellatum, the prevalence, detection methods, and preventive and control measures of amyloodiniosis. It is proposed to strengthen the future research of pathogenic detection of the farming environment, low-temperature preservation, vaccine development, aiming to provide references for the scientific prevention and treatment of marine fish amyloodiniosis in fisheries production.
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Published: 19 September 2022
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