Abstract: Peniliaavirostris as a kind of marine cladocera is one of the key species in the coastal marine ecosystem and the live food for larvae of marine economic aquatic animals, with wide distribution in the world, and geographical and seasonal differences in population abundance.In fact, the experimental population ecology and its culture and utilization are still in the initial stage, and future research should focus on biology, interspecific relationship and biodiversity protection under the background of global change, large-scale culture process optimization as live food of aquatic economic animals, nutrition enhancement and ecotoxicology.The research progress on the geographical distribution, population dynamics and large-scale culture of P.avirostris were reviewed at home and abroad in order to provide basis for the protection and utilization of P.avirostris resources, large-scale cultivation and utilization, and marine pollution prevention and control.